![]() The realization of a bass varied according to the type of piece and skill and taste of the player. Composers indicated the appropriate harmonies with figured bass. In the notational system called basso continuo or thoroughbass, a melody (or melodies) and a bass line were written out, but the harmony was filled in by performers playing one or more continuo instruments, like the harpsichord or theorbo. Seventeenth-century music typically emphasizes homophony with prominent bass and treble lines. During this century, bar lines became common for the first time. Two types of rhythm, very flexible and very metric, were often used in succession to provide contrast. When he was criticized by Giovanni Maria Artusi, Monteverdi defended himself by distinguishing between the first practice of sixteenth-century counterpoint and the second practice, in which expressing the text is more important than following the traditional rules of counterpoint. General Characteristics of Baroque Music (CHWM 183–88, NAWM 66)īaroque composers sought to write music that was expressive of the affections.Ĭlaudio Monteverdi used striking dissonances and deliberately broke the rules of counterpoint in order to dramatize poetic texts. Italian trends continued to dominate musical fashions. They believed that music should move the listener’s emotions. Chapter 9: Vocal Music of the Early Baroque and the Invention of OperaĪround 1600, at the beginning of what is known as the Baroque period, Italian musicians created new musical idioms, styles, and genres in secular and sacred vocal and instrumental music.
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